-The term dates as far back as the 16th Century. It was used interchangeably with danza and sonada. It derives from the Latin word Sonus.
-A danza is an indigenous dance and a Son is a sound or noise. Therefore Son de la Mariba would be the Sound of the Marimba.
-A Son is usually performed with 2 violins, at least one member of the guitar family and a harp.
-Banda is a brass based form of traditional Mexican music.
-Bandas (the actual bands) play all of the genres of music listed (cumbia, mariachi, etc)
-Banda Music was established in the 1880's
-A typical band is made up of brass, woodwinds and percussion
-A banda generally contains 10-20 members.
Some notable Bandas are:
-La Arrolladora Banda El Limon
-Banda Espuela De Oro
-Banda La Costena
-Bandas (the actual bands) play all of the genres of music listed (cumbia, mariachi, etc)
-Banda Music was established in the 1880's
-A typical band is made up of brass, woodwinds and percussion
-A banda generally contains 10-20 members.
Some notable Bandas are:
-La Arrolladora Banda El Limon
-Banda Espuela De Oro
-Banda La Costena
-The term dates as far back as the 16th Century. It was used interchangeably with danza and sonada. It derives from the Latin word Sonus.
-A danza is an indigenous dance and a Son is a sound or noise. Therefore Son de la Mariba would be the Sound of the Marimba.
-A Son is usually performed with 2 violins, at least one member of the guitar family harp.
All of this information was found at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/767674
-Mariachi bands consist of:
Violins, trumpets, an American guitar, a vihuela (a high pitched round backed guitar), a guitarro (a deep voiced guitar that serves as the bass of the ensemble), and a Mexican folk harp.
-Together these instruments create a sound "that is the heart and soul of Mexico."
-Mariachi as it is known today began in the 19th Century in Jalisco, Mexico.
-The principal music played by early Mariachi's is the "son" which is the popular music of today.
-The son is a mixture of folk traditions from Spain Mexico and Africa.
-The Son is named by region. There are three regions.
-Mariachi is meant to be danced to and each regional variation has a style of dance associated with it.-The Jarabe is a style of son that is a medley of dance pieces (sones, danzas, jotas and polkas).
-Mariachi music was of the country people and therefore until 1960, Mariachi bands were not known outside of their region.
-In 1960, Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlan was founded by Gaspar Vargas. They were the first Mariachi band known outside of their region.
-The band had, and still has a musical director, Rubin Fuentes who is a towering figure in the development of the Mariachi.
-Fuentes has composed music for, and work with other Mexican artists such as , Pedor Infante, Miguel Aceves Mejia, Lola Beltran and Jose Alfredo Jiminez.
-Mariachi Vargas became "the ideal that all other groups would emulate."
All information found at :http://www.mariachi.org/history.html
Norteno/Ranchero:
Violins, trumpets, an American guitar, a vihuela (a high pitched round backed guitar), a guitarro (a deep voiced guitar that serves as the bass of the ensemble), and a Mexican folk harp.
-Together these instruments create a sound "that is the heart and soul of Mexico."
-Mariachi as it is known today began in the 19th Century in Jalisco, Mexico.
-The principal music played by early Mariachi's is the "son" which is the popular music of today.
-The son is a mixture of folk traditions from Spain Mexico and Africa.
-The Son is named by region. There are three regions.
-Mariachi is meant to be danced to and each regional variation has a style of dance associated with it.-The Jarabe is a style of son that is a medley of dance pieces (sones, danzas, jotas and polkas).
-Mariachi music was of the country people and therefore until 1960, Mariachi bands were not known outside of their region.
-In 1960, Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlan was founded by Gaspar Vargas. They were the first Mariachi band known outside of their region.
-The band had, and still has a musical director, Rubin Fuentes who is a towering figure in the development of the Mariachi.
-Fuentes has composed music for, and work with other Mexican artists such as , Pedor Infante, Miguel Aceves Mejia, Lola Beltran and Jose Alfredo Jiminez.
-Mariachi Vargas became "the ideal that all other groups would emulate."
All information found at :http://www.mariachi.org/history.html
Norteno/Ranchero:
-Norteno music primarily uses the accordion and bajo sexto.
-Norteno music is music of Northern Mexico
-It is of the late 19th Century.
-It is a blend of the waltz and polka from European music and the Mexican Ranchera music.
-Most of the musicians were musically illiterate because they belonged to the proletarian class.
-There are multiple types of Norteno styles
-Norteno music has a deep oral tradition, sense of ethnic identity and a relative isolation from other groups
-The accordian had been a part of mexican music since the 1880's.
-The Norteno music, as previously mentioned was a part of a "Nortena Society"
-Northern Mexican Accordion music is linked to folk music as the "respectable class" looks down upon accordion music
Prominent first generation musicians are:
-Narcico Martinez (1911)- first accordion player to exploit the capabilities of the right hand, the "treble side of the button accordion"
-Pedro Ayala (1911)
-Santiago Jiminez (1913)- the first to use counterpass (Mexican Toloche)
-Norteno music is music of Northern Mexico
-It is of the late 19th Century.
-It is a blend of the waltz and polka from European music and the Mexican Ranchera music.
-Most of the musicians were musically illiterate because they belonged to the proletarian class.
-There are multiple types of Norteno styles
-Norteno music has a deep oral tradition, sense of ethnic identity and a relative isolation from other groups
-The accordian had been a part of mexican music since the 1880's.
-The Norteno music, as previously mentioned was a part of a "Nortena Society"
-Northern Mexican Accordion music is linked to folk music as the "respectable class" looks down upon accordion music
Prominent first generation musicians are:
-Narcico Martinez (1911)- first accordion player to exploit the capabilities of the right hand, the "treble side of the button accordion"
-Pedro Ayala (1911)
-Santiago Jiminez (1913)- the first to use counterpass (Mexican Toloche)
Information was accessed at:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/780164http://www.haciendatresrios.com/culture-and-tradition/traditional-mexican-music/
Bolero Trios:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/780164http://www.haciendatresrios.com/culture-and-tradition/traditional-mexican-music/
Bolero Trios:
-Bolero music was a part of a social revolution after the political revolution of 1910-1917-- Mexican Modernity Post revolution era
-Performed in live shows in tent theaters
-The music matched the era of the people
The term Bolero is derived from "volar- to fly"
-Bolero music was developed in the Veracruz and the Yucatan ("the ports of entry to all things Cuban")
-The style is similar to the son
-Although Bolero music was developed in the Veracruz and the Yucatan, it was transformed in Mexico city.
-It is exhibited in Disney's "Three Caballeros"
-The style was said to be born in a brothel
Key composer:
Augastin Lara- combined an urban sophisticate's classical natural inclinations and the popular styles favored by the masses.
All information was found at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/780164
Cumbia:
-Performed in live shows in tent theaters
-The music matched the era of the people
The term Bolero is derived from "volar- to fly"
-Bolero music was developed in the Veracruz and the Yucatan ("the ports of entry to all things Cuban")
-The style is similar to the son
-Although Bolero music was developed in the Veracruz and the Yucatan, it was transformed in Mexico city.
-It is exhibited in Disney's "Three Caballeros"
-The style was said to be born in a brothel
Key composer:
Augastin Lara- combined an urban sophisticate's classical natural inclinations and the popular styles favored by the masses.
All information was found at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/780164
Cumbia:
-The Cumbia is a dance of Courtship which is said to have originiated in Colombia but the history in Mexico is said to be just as long.
-The Cumbia explosion was said to occur in the mid 1960's
Important Composer: Carmen Rivero "la Senorita Cumbia"Finding information on Cumbia was hard as all of the scholarly articles and websites found were in Spanish, however the information above is from:http://sonoramachicago.com/2010/05/21/cumbia-a-la-mexicana/
Classical:
http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com.ezproxy.lib.umb.edu/subscriber/article/grove/music/05889?q=classical&search=quick&pos=1&_start=1#firsthit
-The Cumbia explosion was said to occur in the mid 1960's
Important Composer: Carmen Rivero "la Senorita Cumbia"Finding information on Cumbia was hard as all of the scholarly articles and websites found were in Spanish, however the information above is from:http://sonoramachicago.com/2010/05/21/cumbia-a-la-mexicana/
Folk:
During the folk revival in
the 20th century, folk music was evolved and consists of
traditional, contemporary, folk revival, folk rock, metal, electric, and
others. Folk had some characteristics especially in traditional folk music such
as, transmitting through an oral tradition, relating to national culture,
commemorate historical and personal events, songs are performed by, custom,
over a long period of time, and usually under several generations. Folk music
is an instrumental music, as well as vocal with meaningful lyrics, and poetry,
as well as narrative verses.
Bibliography
Wikipedia, 2012
Links & References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_music
Classical:
The ‘Classical’ term came
from a Latin classicus through the French classique into English ‘classical’
and German Klassik. It is considered the music of art. It was rooted in the
Western liturgical and secular music from the 11th century to
present times. The instruments used in classical music are those normally seen
in an orchestra which consists of piano, harpsichord, organ, string, woodwing,
brass, and percussion. Classical music can be used for concerto such as, a
symphony, sonata, opera, dance, and many more.
Bibliography
Grove Music Online, 2012 and
Wikipedia, 2012
Links & References
http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com.ezproxy.lib.umb.edu/subscriber/article/grove/music/05889?q=classical&search=quick&pos=1&_start=1#firsthit
Rock:
Rock is a type of pop music.
It appeared in the 1960’s as ‘Rock and Roll’ music in North America and
Britain. This type of style was mostly associated with the caucasion audiences
who were young. Some of the musicians and bands from that time included, The
Beatles, Rolling Stones, Jefferson Airplane, and The Grateful Dead.
Rock usually involves the
electric guitar as part of a rock and roll group with at least two other
members handling the bass guitar and drums. The late 1960’s was referred to as
the “golden age” or “classic rock” period. Then a number of sub-genre rock
music emerged such as, blues rock, folk rock, country rock, jazz-rock fusion,
progressive rock, glam rock, heavy metal, punk rock, new wave, post-punk,
alternative rock, grunge, Britpop, indie rock, pop punk, rap rock, rap metal,
garage rock/post-punk, and synthpop.
Bibliography
Oxford Music Online, 2012 and
Wikipedia, 2012
Links & References
Indigenous:
This is used as a term to
describe the traditional music of the indigenous people of the world. This is
the original music of a particular ethnic group. For example, Raggae for
Jamaica, Salsa for Puerto Rico, Bachata for Dominican Republic, Bollywood for India,
and Marimba for Guatemala.
Bibliography
Wikipedia, 2012
Links & References
Garifunka:
This is music from people of
Afro-Caribbean descent who are spread throughout the Northeastern Caribbean
Coast. The most famous form of this music is the Punta which is in musical
style and the dancers move their hips from right to left in a circular motion.
It is played using traditional musical instruments. There are two types of
drums used in the Garifunka which is the Primero (tenor drum) and the Segunda
(bass drum). The drums are made of mahogany and mayflower hallowed hardwood.
The skins of the drums usually come from sheep, deer, or pig. Along with the
drums, there is the sisera which are shakers made from dried fruit of gourd
trees.
Bibliography
Wikipedia, 2012
Links & References
Marimba:
A group of idiophones which
consists of two types, one which a plucked and is known as the llamellophones,
and some are struck – xylophones. It is made of wood or synthetic material such
as rosewood. In the Latin American culture like Guatemala as one of the
countries, it is used for the calabash-resonated xylophone which came from
Africa. The chromatic marimba was developed in Southern Mexico and Northern
Guatemala.
In a marimba there are 4
octaves, 4.3 octaves and 5 octaves, 4.5, 4.6, and 5.5 octave sizes. The
resonators of the marimba produce a rich sound. The metal tubes that hang below
each bar is the path which vibrations passes through from each bar, and depending
on the frequency of each bar, it amplifies a tone similar to the body of a
guitar or cello.
Bibliography
Wikipedia, 2012 and Oxford
Music Online, 2012
Links & References
